Tag Archive for 'University of Minnesota Medical School'

Boy whose skin can’t attach is healing

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Stem Man
on 29 August 2011
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http://mediamill.cla.umn.edu/mediamill/download.php?file=13798.flv#/U_of_M_Sets_Course_For_Cure_of_Fatal_Childhood_Skin_Disease___Academic_Health_Center__University_of_Minnesota_download.php.flv

Physicians at the University of Minnesota and University of Minnesota Children’s Hospital, Fairview have set the path to a cure for a young boy’s fatal genetic skin disease, recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), by using a cord blood and bone marrow transplant. Nate Liao, a 25-month-old from Clarksburg, N.J., underwent the experimental therapy in October 2007.

“We have established a new standard of care for these EB patients, beginning with Nate,” said John Wagner, M.D., the lead University of Minnesota Medical School physician who developed the clinical trial. “Nate’s quality of life is forever changed.”

Because they lack collagen type VII, children with RDEB have skin that is exquisitely delicate. The skin and lining of their gastrointestinal (GI) tract is fragile; tearing and blistering occur with minimal friction. Coughing and vomiting often result in tears in the lining of the esophagus and stomach. Those affected must have their entire body continuously wrapped in bandages. Those who do not succumb from malnutrition and infection in childhood will acquire a uniformly fatal, aggressive cancer of the skin in young adulthood.

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Researchers improve method to create induced pluripotent stem cells

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Published
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Stem Man
on 26 August 2011
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University of Minnesota Medical School researchers have developed a new strategy to improve the development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS).

Currently, iPS cells are created by introducing four defined genes to an adult cell. The genes reprogram the adult cell into a stem cell, which can differentiate into many different types of the cells in the body. Typically, the four genes introduced are Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, a combination known as OSKM.

The U of M researchers found that by fusing two proteins – a master stem cell regulator (Oct4) and a fragment of a muscle cell inducer (MyoD) – they succeeded in “powering up” the stem cell regulator, which can dramatically improve the efficiency and purity of reprogrammed iPS cells.

“Our team discovered that by fusing a fragment of the powerful protein MyoD to Oct4 we could create a ‘super gene’ which would improve the iPS reprogramming process,” said senior author Dr. Nobuaki Kikyo, Stem Cell Institute researcher and University of Minnesota Medical School associate professor. “The result is what we termed M3O, or ‘super Oct4’ – a gene that improves the creation of iPS cells in a number of ways. In the process we shed new light on the mechanism of making iPS cells.”

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